Stroke

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Introduction to Stroke

Stroke

Stroke awareness is one of the biggest issues in today’s society. Too few people realize how serious of a problem stroke is until it happens to them, someone in their family or to a loved one. The Stroke Network has been working on-line with those affected by stroke for over 20 years.

Our mission with this stroke awareness website is to provide you with the facts of what makes stroke such a terrible disease. Please visit our website about stroke education to provide you with the best educational explanation, including our A to Z Glossary, of definitions of terminology about stroke.

A stroke or cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is most often due to a sudden interruption of blood flow to the brain caused when the arteries to the brain become narrowed or blocked, causing severely reduced blood flow (ischemic). Or when a blood vessel in the brain leaks, causing blood to spill in the surrounding spaces of the brain tissue (hemorrhagic) resulting in damage to the affected part of the brain.

Injury to the brain tissue can result in many serious physical and cognitive deficits. How a person recovers from a stroke depends on the area of the brain involved and the extent of damage done. Stroke is one of the common causes of disability in adults and is the third leading cause of death in the country.

Stroke requires immediate medical attention. The sooner treatment is received, the better the chances of survival. Because of improved treatment methods, less than three out of ten people who suffer a stroke die from the experience. Thrombolytic therapy is the use of drugs to break-up the clot that is causing the disruption in blood flow to the brain.

It is crucial, imperative, and very important that you immediately go to the hospital when you first notice the warning signs of a stroke. The length of time between the first warning signs and the time you get to a hospital may be the difference between a good or poor outcome. Patients who present to the hospital within 3 hours of the first sign of a stroke have the possibility to receive Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA).

There are many factors that determine whether or not a patient is able to receive thrombolytic therapy. One of these factors, that you have control of, is the amount of time between the onset of symptoms and presentation to the hospital. If you get to the hospital within the 3 hour time frame and the doctor determines you are able to receive this clot-buster, you may have a better recovery.

It’s clear that strokes are a major cause of disability and death throughout the world. But many of the prime risk factors for stroke are within your power to change — something we have long known.

A large international study published in The Lancet Medical Journal underscored how far prevention efforts could go. Collecting data from stroke patients and healthy individuals in 22 countries, it found that 10 largely modifiable risk factors account for 90 percent of the risk of stroke worldwide. That means there is much you can do to rein in your personal risk.

1. High blood pressure

This is the biggest contributor to strokes worldwide. The Lancet study estimated that blood pressure readings of 160/90 mm Hg or higher accounted for up to 52 percent of the “population-attributable risk” of stroke.

2. Sedentary lifestyle

In general, regular exercise is a good move for your cardiovascular health, as it helps lower blood pressure, regulate your weight, boost “good” high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and prevent or manage type 2 diabetes. And there’s evidence that even moderate levels of physical activity can curb your risk of stroke.

3. Apple-shaped

We often talk about excess pounds being a risk to your cardiovascular health, but it’s that middle-aged spread around the waist that may be particularly worrisome.

4. Smoking

If you are still a smoker, you need to work on quitting. In the Lancet study, there was no evidence that former smokers were at greater risk of stroke than people who’d never smoked — suggesting that the excess risk declines quickly after you quit.

5. Diet

Diet may be just as important as smoking habits. In particular, the Lancet study found, features of the traditional Mediterranean diet — namely, a high intake of fish and fruit — appeared protective against stroke.

6. Atrial fibrillation

This is the most common form of heart-rhythm disturbance, in which the upper chambers of the heart (atria) do not contract in a rhythmic pattern but instead quiver chaotically. If you have atrial fibrillation, it is critical that you take any anti-clotting medication or other drugs that your doctor has prescribed.

7. Cholesterol

Studies suggest that the relationship between cholesterol and stroke risk is complex. In the Lancet study, total cholesterol levels were not associated with strokes, confirming epidemiological evidence, but higher levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL, or “good”) cholesterol were linked to a lower risk of ischemic stroke.

8. Alcohol

Moderate drinking of alcohol was linked to a reduced risk of ischemic stroke, while any amount more than that was connected to an increased risk versus teetotaling.

9. Stress

Chronic stress (related to home or work life) was linked to an increased risk of stroke. It’s not completely clear why. It is unclear whether stress-management classes can help lower your stroke risk.

10. Depression

Depression symptoms was linked to an increased risk of stroke. It’s not completely clear why; it could be because mental-health woes make it more difficult to stick to your healthy diet, exercise and medication regimen. Also unclear is whether depression therapy classes can help lower your stroke risk.

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Introduction to Stroke

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